CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
News & Views

UK’s first green bond issuance in five years meets strong investor demand

The UK raised more than £6bn with its first green gilt syndication in five years, which attracted strong investor interest despite challenging market conditions

Content Tags: Fixed Income  UK 

In markets, timing is everything and at first it did not appear to favour the UK’s Debt Management Office (DMO). Having come out last month with its intention to launch a green gilt, bond markets were off to a volatile start this week as fears over the potential inflationary impact of the Iran war triggered a rise in borrowing costs.

However, bond markets appeared to calm down as oil prices stabilised, offering a more favourable entry point for the issuance of the green bond, as Jonas David, research director at the Anthropocene Fixed Income Institute, explained: “The developments in the Middle East resulted in financial market stress that also impacted gilts. The plans to issue a green gilt this week had been communicated a while ago and overall primary market activity picked up today as market sentiment improved overnight. Accordingly, this created an opportunity to go ahead with the transaction.


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With the initial price guidance ranging from 10.75–11.25 basis points above the 4¼% Treasury Stock 2036, final pricing closed at 4.7167% at the tightest level of guidance.

Jessica Pulay, chief executive officer at the DMO, said today’s issuance “underscored the UK government’s longstanding ambition to build out a green yield curve”.

“This transaction has been very well supported by a significant number of orders from a broad, diverse and high-quality set of investors – including those who have not previously participated in primary gilt issuance,” she added.

Going forward, the DMO plans to issue some £12bn in green gilts for the 2026/2027 financial year.

Use of proceeds: nuclear inclusion

This green gilt issuance is the first to be released under the UK’s updated Green Financing Framework, which includes nuclear projects as eligible expenditure — a change that has drawn criticism from some investors, including Rathbones, which criticised the move in an interview with Bloomberg.

However, the strong order book and tight spreads suggest that overall investor demand remained robust, according to Jonas David.

“Obviously, it’s hard to say how the book would look without nuclear as eligible expenditure. Notwithstanding some investors with reservations, nuclear energy appears less controversial than a few years ago. Historically, clean transportation was responsible for the highest share of expenditures, and it will likely remain the largest category,” he added.

Kris Atkinson, fixed income portfolio manager at Fidelity International, said the manager had not participated in this specific syndication round, given persistent volatility and his fund’s focus on corporate debt, but that he was keeping an eye out for opportunities in secondary markets.

The inclusion of nuclear would not be an obstacle, he added, describing it as a “necessary evil” on the road to net zero, though concerns about the costs of nuclear waste disposal remained.

Overall, he welcomed the UK’s renewed commitment to issuing green bonds:

“Having more of a curve in the green space would be beneficial for the UK. This demonstrates that there is certainly plenty of demand,” he argued, adding that the issuance of blue bonds could be another opportunity for the government to consider.

Content Tags: Fixed Income  UK 

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