CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm

Agriculture

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How to navigate the changing landscape of biodiversity investing

Investor interest in biodiversity is gaining traction, what are the main strategies to gain exposure to this rapidly evolving asset class?

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How to scale up nature-based solutions

Institutional interest in natural capital is growing but it still accounts for only a fraction of funds committed to restoring nature. How can funding be scaled up?

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COP 28: Overcoming risk is key to unlocking climate-nature investment

Transforming the way risk is both perceived and managed will boost institutional capital flows into nature positive projects, investors say

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How to manage deforestation risk

Deforestation is not only terrible for climate and biodiversity, but also poses financial risk to investors

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Timberland is increasingly on the radar of natural capital investors

Forestry is currently dominating the natural capital conversation for institutional investors looking at this emerging asset class

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Most institutional investors still lack deforestation policy

The amount of capital flowing into deforestation dwarves positive investments, despite the key role forests play in tackling climate change

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Three UK pension funds pump fresh cash into carbon offset investment vehicle

Three UK pension funds pump fresh cash into carbon offset investment vehicle

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Partner Content

Forestry Investing Roundtable

Our sister publication, Room151, gathered local government investment professionals and asset managers to share views on inflation protection, diversification, and the sustainability advantages of forestry.

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New Zealand’s farming emissions levy can bring a ‘win-win’ to economy and environment

Investors are already baking in the upcoming emissions pricing policy into acquisition deals.

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SBTi launches guidance on land-related emissions removals

But some experts question if it goes far enough for the largest carbon-emitting sector after energy