CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
Miatta Fahnbulleh ©House of Commons/Roger Harris
Briefs

Former NEF CEO takes the helm of UK’s decarbonisation efforts

Miatta Fahnbulleh, MP for Peckham and Lewisham North and former chief executive of the think tank New Economics Foundation, is set to lead the UK’s Department for Energy Security and Net Zero as part of a wider cabinet reshuffle under Britain’s new prime minister Andy Burnham.

Fahnbulleh, who was elected as an MP in 2024, had previously served as parliamentary under-secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero before being promoted to secretary of state for Energy Security and Net Zero.


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She previously led the New Economics Foundation from 2017 to 2023 and worked at the IPPR as Director of Policy and Research.

Fahnbulleh replaces Ed Miliband, who during his time in office helped lift the effective ban on new onshore wind, advancing the government’s Clean Power 2030 ambition, and strengthening support for renewable energy investment.

Her appointment comes amid continued uncertainty over whether the UK will resume new oil and gas exploration in the North Sea.

Given her track record at the New Economics Foundation and her involvement in developing the Warm Homes Plan, Fahnbulleh is expected to place greater emphasis on affordability and fairness, while seeking to reduce energy costs for UK households.

The UK is currently in the midsts of its  eighth Contracts for Difference (CfD) allocation round, which will play a critical role in scaling up low-carbon electricity generation. As secretary of state for Energy Security and Net Zero, Fahnbulleh will have influence over the strategic direction of future allocation rounds, including the balance between cost efficiency, energy security and industrial policy objectives. 

Her appointment could see CfD auctions place greater emphasis on supply-chain resilience and domestic economic benefits, moving closer towards an industrial strategy approach similar in ambition to the Inflation Reduction Act in the US, while maintaining the market-based framework defining the current scheme.

Content Tags: Energy  UK  In-Brief 

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