CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
News & Views

Follow This pauses shareholder resolutions citing lack of investor support

Dutch campaign group Follow This is not filing any proposals during this AGM season, highlighting growing reluctance among investors to back shareholder activism

The campaign group, which has been a driving force behind shareholder resolutions at major fossil fuel firms such as Shell and BP announced this morning, that it would not file any resolutions this year, stating that investors had become increasingly “reluctant to use their voting power.”

Last year, Follow This has been taken to court by oil giant Exxon for filing a shareholder proposal asking for better climate disclosures. The oil firm accused investors of attempting to change "the ordinary nature” of its business. While the case, which was widely criticised by major institutional investors as an infringement on shareholder rights and subsequently dismissed, it nevertheless highlighted the risks campaign groups face in an increasingly hostile political environment.

In March, Greenpeace was hit with a $660m fine over its alleged role in protests against the North Dakota oil pipeline protests.

Meanwhile, major asset managers, who are often the largest shareholders in oil and gas businesses have become increasingly reluctant to back resolutions. Support for climate resolutions has dropped significantly as Net Zero Investor explored in its Silent Majority Series.

During the last AGM season, BlackRock supported only 4% of climate resolutions, compared to 30% just in 2021. Similarly, Vanguard backed only one out of 279 resolutions, according to ShareAction’s latest Voting Matters Report.

Commenting on the decision to halt filing resolutions, Follow This Founder Mark van Baal said that while the resolutions had on average received the backing of one in five shareholders “filing resolutions without secured, broad investor backing could risk lower votes, potentially undermining progress. Investors need collective stamina and courage.”

The campaign group said that its mission to work with financial institutions on tackling climate change remained unchanged but that it would now focus on engaging with investors. The group now intends to explore what prevents investors, like BlackRock, LGIM, and NBIM, from casting their votes in favour of Paris-alignment despite their public climate commitments, it said.

This year, no climate resolution has been filed for the upcoming BP AGM next week despite a major U-turn of the firm’s energy strategy. Follow This had called for a vote against the BP chair Helge Lund yet he has already announced his departure in 2026. Follow This urged shareholders to continue voting against the chair arguing that the vote sent an important signal to the firm. 

Investors will be filing a resolution at the Shell AGM questioning the firm’s planned expansion of natural gas. The resolution is among others supported by the Australasian Centre for Corporate Responsibility (ACCR) and Share Action. 

Van Baal stressed that given the political headwinds, the importance of investors was now greater than ever: ““investors are the last resort in solving the climate crisis. Fortunately, their financial interests align with the need to tackle the climate crisis – failure to do so, will cost them billions. Institutional investors are stewards of the global economy and it will be difficult to make returns in an economy devastated by floods, draughts, wildfires, and extreme weather.”


More on this:

Stewardship divergence: US managers scale back support for climate resolutions 

As You Sow's Fugere: The SEC's rule change is a violation of due process

Who are the Silent Majority?


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