CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm

NZI with Mona: engaging with managers

This year’s AGM season has brought a new set of challenges. While the number of resolutions being filed is declining, asset owners are increasingly focusing on selecting the right manager to pursue their climate ambitions. Lindsey Stewart, director of institutional insights at Morningstar, and Leanne Clements, head of responsible investing at The People’s Pension, share their perspectives.

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NZI with Mona: developing credible transition plans

The UK government is imposing new obligations on financial organisations like pension funds and asset managers to develop credible climate transition plans, Mona Dohle sits down with Faith Ward, Working Group Chair on the UK Transition Finance Council, and Michael Marshall, a member of the investor advisory group at the Financial Reporting Council to discuss what this could mean in practice

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NZI with Atharva: investing in climate adaptation

Atharva Deshmukh speaks to Eurasia Group's Shari Friedman, Climate Policy Initiative's Baysa Naran, and London Stock Exchange Group's Jaakko Kooroshy about the demand for climate adaptation financing and the instruments such as green bonds through which it is supplied.

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NZI with Mona: engaging with banks on fossil fuel funding

The world’s largest banks have again ramped up their lending activities to fossil fuels last year, as this week’s Banking on Climate Chaos report reveals. NZI editor Mona Dohle sits down with Léa Miomandre, financial analyst at Reclaim Finance to discuss why banks failed to turn the taps off.

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NZI with Atharva: Australian Ethical’s escalating engagement with QBE

Amanda Richman, ethical stewardship lead at Australian Ethical joins Atharva Deshmukh to discuss why the investor is ramping up its engagement with QBE

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NZI with Mona: how bond investors can tackle deforestation exposures

How can bond investors tackle deforestation risks across their portfolios? NZI editor Mona Dohle speaks to Josephine Richardson, head of research at the Anthropocene Fixed Income Institute to find out more.

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