CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
Briefs

$15trn investor coalition outlines priorities for mining sector stewardship

The Global Investor Commission on Mining 2030, an investor coalition with combined assets of more than $15trn, has identified six key priorities to reshape the role of investors in the mining sector.

This comes as the demand for minerals, essential to the renewable energy transition, is expected to triple by 2050. The goals of the Paris Climate Agreement are at risk if investors remain passive in engaging with the mining sector warned the the Commission's chair, Adam Matthews.

The mining industry underpins nearly half of the global economy, yet faces significant social and environmental challenges that threaten its ability to meet future demands.

The report highlights six critical interventions that investors must focus on to help transform the mining sector. These include enforcing best practice standards, promoting equitable benefits for mining communities, addressing conflict, and ensuring responsible mine closures.

Matthews, who is also the Chief Responsible Investment Officer for the Church of England Pensions Board, said: "As investors, we must take a strategic approach to reshaping our role with the mining sector. We need to work with the sector, governments, and key stakeholders to ensure long-term benefits for local communities, mitigate negative social and environmental impacts, and leave a positive legacy while meeting global demand responsibly."

Fredric Nyström, head of Sustainability and Governance at AP3, acknowledged that while investors have often been hesitant to engage with the mining sector due to its history of human rights abuses and environmental issues, sustainable development in mining is essential to achieving climate goals. "Investors shouldn’t shy away from the sector just because it’s challenging," Nyström said.


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Eva Cairns, head of Responsible Investment at Scottish Widows added: “Investors have a critical role to play in engaging the industry to tackle the social and environmental challenges it is associated with. It is fantastic to see this comprehensive report lay out the levers to do so.”

The Commission, which launched in 2022, includes a diverse group of stakeholders representing investors from firms like Allianz Investment Management, Brunel Pension Partnership, and Scottish Widows. Its work builds on the investor-led response to the 2019 Brumadinho disaster in Brazil, which led to the creation of the Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management.

The next steps for the Commission involve consulting stakeholders on practical implementation plans, with final recommendations expected by mid-2025. Investors hope that these efforts will not only support the energy transition but also ensure that mining operations are both environmentally and socially responsible.


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