CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
Briefs

Natixis IM arm pushes for global database of avoided emissions

The sustainable finance arm of Natixis Investment Managers has called for the development of a global database of avoided emissions.

According to Mirova, the Natixis IM unit, such a database could be critical in assisting investment decisions relating to the net zero transition, estimated to cost the global economy $109-275 trillion, according to research by the London Stock Exchange Group.

The initiative is being led by Natixis, in partnership with Netherlands based asset management firm Robeco. Signatories to the so-called call for expressions of interest include PGGM, Smart Pension, and Railpen.

Avoided emissions

Avoided emissions are emission reductions that occur outside of a product's life cycle or value chain, but come about as a result of the use of that product.

Such emissions have been referred to as ‘Scope 4’, and currently lack standardised measurement in the way Scopes 1-3 are assessed. 

According to Mirova, avoided emissions are calculated in a variable manner by different companies, which jeopardises their credibility and prevent their use at scale.

The proposed datasets for avoided emissions are to be based on principles including full life cycle analysis as well as an attribution of avoided emissions across the entire value chain, and that the methodology for calculation of avoidance factors should be transparent.

Manuel Coeslier, lead expert for climate & environment at Mirova, said: “The financial sector plays a key role in driving the economy towards net zero emissions globally. To this end, clear and comprehensive information on companies' true contribution to the global net zero objective is essential. This includes a robust measurement of avoided emissions.”

In December of last year, Smart Pension invested £200 million in Mirova’s green bond fund, with the intention of doubling this investment within two years.


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