CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
Briefs

PGGM backs sustainable aviation fuel

Four investors, including Dutch pension fund investor PGGM, have committed €120m to French low carbon fuel company Elyse Energy.

The investment, part of PGGM’s Climate and Energy Transition Solutions mandate, supports Elyse Energy advance its portfolio of low-carbon energy projects across France and Spain in sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and e-methanol. PGGM invests on behalf of Pensioenfonds Zorg en Welzijn, which has approximately €240bn of asset under management.

This funding round, led by Hy24 through its Clean Hydrogen Infrastructure Fund, also attracted investments from Bpifrance, the French public investment bank, and Mirova, a sustainable investment affiliate of Natixis.

The €120m of funding will enable Elyse Energy to progress several projects, including BioTJet, eM-Rhône, and eM-Numancia, to final investment decisions, a prerequisite for launching construction. These projects aim to decarbonise the aviation and maritime sectors while contributing to Europe’s energy sovereignty and green industrialisation, according Hy24.

David Jerez Antoni, associate director at PGGM, stated: “E-methanol and SAF are becoming indispensable links in the transition to more sustainable transport and industry. To achieve this, a robust infrastructure must be developed for the production and distribution of these sustainable forms of energy.

“PGGM is investing in Elyse Energy because it proves to create value in this energy transition.

Pascal Pénicaud, president and co-founder of Elyse Energy, welcomed PGGM and Bpifrance as new investors alongside long-standing partners Hy24 and Mirova.

“This fundraising marks a significant milestone for Elyse Energy and, more broadly, for the development of the European e-fuels industry. It reflects the growing demand for sustainable molecules and fuels from our clients in the industrial, maritime, and aviation sectors,” he said.


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