CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
Briefs

UK LTAF expands into timber

Fulcrum Asset Management’s LTAF, which launched this spring with investments from the HSBC Pension Scheme, has added a new timber manager to its range of illiquid specialists.

The LTAF will now offer HSBC access to products provided by Domain Timber Advisors, a subsidiary of the US alternative asset manager Domain Capital Group. As part of the collaboration, the pension fund will have access to an evergreen investment structure, offering exposure to US forestland.

The recent timber allocation adds to the fund’s existing private market offering, which already includes private equity (including venture capital), value-add real estate, value-add infrastructure, natural resources, and private credit, Fulcrum stated.


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HSBC Pensions announced in March that it had partnered with Fulcrum to create a multi-asset private market fund. Russell Picot, chair of the HSBC Bank (UK) Pension Scheme Trustee Board, commented on HSBC's investment in the LTAF back in March: "Improving expected member outcomes by targeting better risk adjusted returns through diversifying the assets in which members’ savings are invested have been at the heart of the HSBC Scheme. I’m delighted for our Scheme to take this step for our DC members and to drive positive change within the pensions industry."

HSBC Pensions manages £28bn of Defined Benefit assets and a further £7bn of Defined Contribution assets, split across three separate sections. It did not disclose the amount it has committed.

While the initial LTAF is bespoke to HSBC, Fulcrum intends to launch a commingled version of the fund later this year, subject to regulatory approval.

LTAFs (Long-Term Asset Funds) are new fund structures launched in the UK to enable defined contribution funds to invest in long-term private market assets such as infrastructure or private equity, which are traditionally underrepresented in DC portfolios due to regulatory restrictions.


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Solid returns: how Nest is branching out into timber


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