CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
Briefs

UK master trusts show progress on climate policy but gaps remain

By Miriam Onen

UK master trusts have shown progress on climate change policy advocacy, but key gaps remain, a study revealed.

In light of COP30 bringing global attention on policies and intervention needed to deliver a net-zero future Lane, Clark & Peacock (LCP) analysed sixteen of the UK’s largest master trusts, representing over £200bn in assets.

The findings reveal an increased awareness of climate policy advocacy but also illuminated key areas where further action is required.

LCP assessed these master trusts against its view on “best practice” in climate change policy advocacy, which outlines seven key principles for climate policy advocacy.

The seven principles are: clear policy views, defined strategies, strong governance, adequate resourcing, diverse engagement methods, stakeholder engagement and transparent disclosure.

Some of the findings of the study revealed that few master trusts articulate clear views on climate policy which are publicly available. The ones that do, typically, are hidden within scheme documents, the study found.

Moreover, most master trusts have broad sustainability frameworks, but few publish distinct climate advocacy strategies. The study found that they mostly focus on company engagement.

In addition, most master trusts keep internal records of policy interactions, but few disclose them publicly.

LCP said that even where full disclosure is not possible, a summary of key themes and outcomes enhances accountability and member confidence.

As a result of these findings, LCP is urging master trusts to prioritise three key areas in climate policy advocacy.

This includes clarifying and publishing their climate policy positions. Secondly, strengthening governance and oversight of engagements with policymakers.

Lastly, increasing transparency in their climate advocacy activity and the outcomes of policy interactions.

Nigel Dunn, partner at LCP, said: “Some of the biggest risks we face today, including climate change, are systemic. Policy makers around the world have gathered at COP30 to find a way forward to a net-zero global economy. Master trusts need to play their part and are well placed to play a larger role in shaping the climate transition because of their natural influence across the market and their position as credible long-term stakeholders.”

Natalie Porter, consultant at LCP, added: “It is positive to see more awareness of the role climate policy advocacy plays. Across the master trust market, there is now a clearer understanding that policy engagement is essential rather than a ‘nice to have’. To build on this progress, more work is needed to strengthen this area further.”

UK master trusts show progress on climate policy but gaps remain

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