CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
News & Views

In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference

Delegates representing pension funds, insurers, charities, endowments and fund managers gathered at Stationer's Hall in the heart of the City of London.

The event, held for the third time this year, was chaired by Natalie Winterfrost, director at LawDebenture with David Gudgin, CEO of Elbow Beach Capital delivering the keynote.

Pictures credit: Tina Miguel 

In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
Natalie Winterfost, Law Debenture
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
David Gudgin, Elbow Beach Capital
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
Left to right, Natalie Winterfrost, Law Debenture, Hilkka Komulainen head of responsible investment, Aegon UK, Thomas Leys investment director, abrdn Investments, Anastasia Guha global head of sustainable investments, Redington

The first panel of the day discussed strategies for allocating to the transition. 

In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference

Following a brief networking break, the second panel of the day drilled down into the specific opportunities and challenges arising from the transition. 

In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
From left to right: Julien Halfon, head of pensions solutions BNP Paribas AM, Rosalind Smith-Maxwell, director Quinbrook Infrastructure Partners, Mark Lyon, deputy CIO Border to Coast Pensions Partnership, Joe Shamash, Better Society Capital
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference

Steven Penketh, senior advisor to the CEO of the Green Finance Institute joined JP, CEO of Elbow Beach for an engaging discussion on how policy, blended finance, and the National Wealth Fund (NWF) can shape the future of investment into the net zero transition.

In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
Lunch and networking

The first afternoon panel took stock of nature positive investing and new opportuntities in carbon credits.

In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
Marc Barnett head of investment Cushon, Alex Godfrey investment director Octopus Investments, Olly Hughes managing director, forestry Gresham House, Greg Munford senior investment strategist – sustainable investment New Zealand Superannuation Fund
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference

The debate then turned to index investing with two seasoned DC investors analysing how to avoid a rear-mirror view. 

In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
Callum Stewart head of investment proposition distribution Standard Life, Joanna Sharples CIO, DC solutions at AON, Natalie Winterfrost
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference

The next panel took stock of key stewardship challenges with panellists debating whether to focus their attention on corporates or policy makers.

In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
David Russell, chair Transition Pathway Initiative, Keith Guthrie, head of sustainability NOW: Pensions, Chris van der Merwe, responsible investment manager Brunel Pensions Partnership
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference

The final panel featured a discussion on fixed income strategies to tackling climate change with panellists debating the merits of Sustainability-Linked Bonds versus green bonds. 

In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
Véronique Chapplow, Investment Specialist T. Rowe Price, Josephine Richardson head of research, Anthropocene Fixed Income Institute, Chandra Gopinathan, independent
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference
In pictures: highlights from NZI’s 2024 Annual Conference

Related Content