CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
Briefs

IFC announces inaugural $100m climate transition bond investment

The World Bank’s private sector financing arm – the International Finance Corporation – will invest $100m in Turkish lender QNB Türkiye’s climate transition bond. The transaction marks the IFC’s inaugural transition bond investment.

The five-year bond is a use-of-proceeds (UoP) instrument. In addition to targeting ‘low-carbon and resilient’ investments, a minimum of 50% of the funds are earmarked for investments in Türkiye’s hard-to-abate sectors.

“IFC’s first-ever global investment in a climate transition bond through this transaction marks a significant milestone for transition finance and reflects strong international confidence in Türkiye’s potential for sustainable transformation”, commented QNB Türkiye’s chief executive Ömür Tan.

Tan says the bond will enable the bank to support ‘science-aligned pathways’ in hard-to-abate sectors. The IFC, on its part, is hoping to crowd in private investment in these pathways by backing QNB’s bond.

“This landmark investment helps prove that economy-wide transformation requires bringing heavy industry along, industries critical to improving energy efficiency and driving job creation”, said Momina Aijazuddin, IFC’s regional industry head, financial institutions group for the Middle East and Central Asia.

The five-year bond’s use-of-proceeds will align with the ICMA climate transition bond guidelines, issued in November 2025. The IFC, which participates in ICMA’s transition finance working group, also contributed to developing these standards.

The bond marks another milestone in IFC’s partnership with QNB Türkiye. In October last year, the IFC supported a blue bond issued by the lender.

In a statement, the IFC said its investment also aligns with the country’s industrial decarbonisation policies, that identify priority technologies in sectors such as cement, fertilizers, aluminium, iron and steel.

“By investing in a first-of-its-kind issuance, we aim to crowd in private capital to credible, science-based decarbonization plans and accelerate Türkiye’s path to net-zero by 2053”, Aijazuddin added.


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