CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
Briefs

Robeco: sustainable investment is recalibrating, not retreating

Robeco, an asset manager with over €200bn under management, has published its outlook for sustainable investment in 2026. In the year ahead, Robeco expects capital allocation to transition strategies to remain steady while geopolitical risks dominate investor concerns.

Sustainable fund inflows surged in the early 2020s. Data reported in Robeco’s outlook shows that since 2023, that surge has cooled off. Sustainable fund launches reached a peak of over 200 in Q4 2022 and whilst launches continue in what is now a $3.7tn market, their pace has declined.

Robeco’s interpretation of the numbers frames these trends as corrections rather than reversals. “Sustainable investing is not retreating – it’s recalibrating. As the tempo shifts, we’re holding the note in the interest of our clients, while adapting to new realities”, says Rachel Whittaker, head of sustainable alpha research at Robeco.

The report notes that even with headline numbers declining, there are signs of market resilience. For instance, outflows from sustainable fixed income have been more resilient compared to equities and passive strategies have been more stable than active ones.

Over the next 12 months, Robeco expects geopolitical headwinds, primarily in the US, to dominate the agenda. Simultaneously, the fund manager expects broader market sentiment in sustainable investment to remain stable, backed by long-term prospects.

“In the US, vocal anti-ESG sentiment appears to be a minority view, while broader investor sentiment seems largely ambivalent”, the report reads.

“Remaining focused on our long-term investment beliefs reinforces the relevance and resilience of sustainable investing, built not on trends, but on science and enduring principles”, added Whittaker.

Looking ahead, Robeco also expects demand for physical risk management to increase. Driven by rising emission levels, the outlook urges investors to examine investment opportunities linked to adaption – from air purification and sea defence to nature-based solutions.


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