CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
Anna-Stina Wiklund, head of sustainable investing at the Church Pension Fund in Finland
News & Views

People Moves: who is hiring who within the industry?

A range of large church pension funds across Europe have appointed new sustainability heads while the GSIA has a new chair

An overview of this week's most important hires and departures within the net zero community.


Church Pension Fund in Finland appoints head of sustainable investing

Anna-Stina Wiklund has been named as head of sustainable investing at the Church Pension Fund in Finland.

Wiklund replaces Magdalena Lönnroth, who has been appointed portfolio manager and head of responsible investment at the Society of Swedish Literature in Finland.

In her new role, Wiklund will be responsible for the development of sustainable investing practices within the pension fund across asset categories, engagement and stakeholder dialogues. 

She will also act as coordinator and main contact for activities relating to the UN PRI, the Carbon Disclosure Project and Finsif, the latter of which she also acts as a board member of.

Wiklund was previously sustainability manager at Ålandsbanken Fund Management, joining the firm in September 2020.


UK SIF chief to lead Global Sustainable Investment Alliance

The Global Sustainable Investment Alliance (GSIA), the international body that represents a range of regional investor-focused green finance organisations, has a new chair.

London-based James Alexander, currently the chief executive of GSIA's UK-member body, the UK Sustainable Investment and Finance Association (UKSIF), has been promoted to the role.

Alexander replaces Simon O'Connor, who started to lead the GSIA three years ago, while also serving as the chief executive of the Responsible Investment Association Australasia.


Church Commissioners names responsible investment director

The Church Commissioners for England have promoted Sofia Bartholdy to the role of responsible investment integration director.

Bartholdy takes the position from her previous role as net zero lead for responsible investment at the fund, a role she had held since June 2022.

In the new position, Bartholdy will act as strategic lead on key responsible investment integration and climate change approaches, including impact and solutions.

She also acted as an ESG analyst at Tesco Pension Investment from 2020-2022.


Gresham House makes trio of sustainability hires

Alternative asset manager Gresham House has brought Chris Coulton, Jane O’Connor and Vanessa Owen within its sustainable infrastructure strategy, managing the British Sustainable Infrastructure Funds (BSIF).

Coulton joins as the director and deputy head of portfolio within sustainable infrastructure, having previously worked as a portfolio director at LDC Private Equity and as a director at Deloitte within the mid-market corporate advisory business.

O’Connor joins as an investment analyst. Before joining Gresham House, she was an investment analyst for the renewable energy funds at Temporis Capital, with focus on investing in solar, wind and battery storage assets.

Owen, who joined the company as a portfolio analyst, previously worked at Secretariat as a forensic accountant specialising in valuations.


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