CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
Credit: House of Commons/Roger Harris
News & Views

UK government backs renewables push amid energy crisis

Pensions Minister Torsten Bell stressed the role of home grown clean energy in de-risking energy supply and building energy security

Speaking at the Pensions UK Investment Conference in Edinburgh this morning, UK pensions minister Torsten Bell backed the country’s energy transition as a provider of energy security.

The minister began his speech by addressing the context of energy price shocks that have followed the conflict in the Middle East. “The big lesson is that resilience matters”, he said.


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Speaking to an audience of pension funds and the wider industry, Bell outlined the ‘bigger picture’ which he said comprised of electrification on the demand side being met through a renewable energy rollout on the supply side.

Home grown clean energy (including nuclear energy), he noted, was a ‘de-risking’ tool to protect British households from price shocks from imported natural gas.

In recent days, following the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, natural gas prices have risen to three year highs according to Energy Intelligence, an information provider.

Minister Bell stressed that the government’s climate commitments were aligned with building the country’s energy security and protecting domestic consumers from energy price volatility.

Pensions investment

The Minister’s address was preceded by a debate between former Green Party leader Caroline Lucas and Michael Gove, a former environment secretary with the Conservative Party.

The debate organised by Pensions UK was centred around identifying whether environmental strategies have a future. Lucas began by addressing the question itself. “If they don’t, neither do we”, she said.

While consensus over climate change being a threat with anthropogenic causes was quick to emerge, the two former politicians diverged on the role of pension schemes in addressing it.

Lucas held the view that addressing a systemic risk such as climate change is aligned with the fiduciary duty of pension schemes. She cited recent research from the UK’s Institute and Faculty of Actuaries showing the scale and severity of climate-driven financial losses facing pension funds.

Gove on his part made the case that it is primarily the task of governments to address climate change. He warned against the risk of ‘guilt tripping’ funds into making climate-driven investment decisions.

“If you accept the principle that pension schemes should have their investment strategies penalised by the state, where does it end?”, he asked.

Gove also questioned the link between economic growth, higher returns for members and climate-driven investment decisions.

“There is an economic logic to the green economy”, said Lucas in response. “There is no dilemma here that by doing the green thing you’re not doing the growth thing", she added.

Ahead of the debate, the audience was polled on whether pension funds in the UK were doing enough on climate change. Two-thirds felt they were not and a third felt they were. This split between audience members remained constant following the debate, when the poll was repeated.


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