CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
News & Views

Australian sovereign climate fund announces leadership change

Paul McCartney, will take charge as CEO, marking the end of Ian Learmonth’s tenure at the helm

Australia’s Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC) has announced Paul McCartney as its new chief executive officer, effective 18 September. CEFC is a sovereign wealth fund with a mandate to deploy over $23bn in Australia’s energy transition.

McCartney currently leads the CEFC’s Rewiring the Nation Fund as CIO. The fund targets investments in grid and transmission infrastructure. The incoming chief executive reckons this experience will hold him in good stead.


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“In leading the Rewiring the Nation Fund, I have seen firsthand the complexity involved in delivering the policy outcomes that underpin the entire transition”, McCartney says.

Grid infrastructure has become a cornerstone of CEFC investments in recent years. Its largest commitment till date is Marinus Link – made through the RTN fund. Marinus Link, which aims to connect clean energy in Tasmania with Victoria, has a stage-I capacity of 750MW. McCartney was a central figure in the Marinus Link investment.

The leadership change marks the end of Ian Learmonth’s time in charge of the CEFC. Learmonth, who was appointed CEO nearly a decade ago, led the CEFC through a series of key milestones.

This included surpassing lifetime commitments of $16bn across some 430 transactions, the creation of new funds for hydrogen, clean technology, grids and household energy upgrades and the establishment of Virescent Ventures – a specialist climate technology venture capital investor which spun out of the CEFC.

“The CEFC plays a unique role in working alongside the private sector to accelerate investment in the infrastructure, technologies and systems needed to deliver net zero”, Learmonth commented.

Steven Skala, CEFC’s chair says Learmonth’s leadership was key in strengthening the CEFC’s role as a catalyst of private capital. “Under Ian’s outstanding leadership, the CEFC has expanded its impact and strengthened its role as a catalyst for private investment, delivering significant outcomes for Australia’s energy system, economy and emissions reduction efforts”, said Skala.

“He took on a challenging role almost a decade ago, and has earned the respect of the Board, his peers, the wider market and indeed all associated with the CEFC”, he added.

CEFC’s latest investment policy update came in March this year. The document reinforces the CEFC’s mandate to invest in development, commercialisation and deployment of clean energy technologies.

 Australian sovereign climate fund announces leadership change

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