CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm
CO2 / PPM /Annual Averages / Data Source: noaa.gov 1980 338.91ppm 1981 340.11ppm 1982 340.86ppm 1983 342.53ppm 1984 344.07ppm 1985 345.54ppm 1986 346.97ppm 1987 348.68ppm 1988 351.16ppm 1989 352.78ppm 1990 354.05ppm 1991 355.39ppm 1992 356.1ppm 1993 356.83ppm 1994 358.33ppm 1995 360.18ppm 1996 361.93ppm 1997 363.04ppm 1998 365.7ppm 1999 367.8ppm 2000 368.97ppm 2001 370.57ppm 2002 372.59ppm 2003 375.14ppm 2004 376.96ppm 2005 378.97ppm 2006 381.13ppm 2007 382.9ppm 2008 385.01ppm 2009 386.5ppm 2010 388.76ppm 2011 390.63ppm 2012 392.65ppm 2013 395.39ppm 2014 397.34ppm 2015 399.65ppm 2016 403.09ppm 2017 405.22ppm 2018 407.62ppm 2019 410.07ppm 2020 412.44ppm 2021 414.72ppm 2022 418.56ppm 2023 421.08ppm 2024 424.61ppm 2025 427.35ppm

Regulation

News & Views

Gone with the wind: Britain’s £1bn transition investment bottleneck

While investor interest in renewable energy is rising, wind constraint costs have doubled over two years

News & Views

China embraces transition debt in push for green steel

CBI analysis shows nearly $7bn in transition debt issued in China’s largest steelmaking province

News & Views

SEC faces investor backlash over climate disclosure rollback

AP7, AkademikerPension, CalSTRS, NYCERS, NBIM and UPP have written to the SEC, outlining their concerns

News & Views
News & Views

Investors push steelmakers over rising financial risks of methane

29 investors with nearly $10tn under management have placed a spotlight on methane’s financial materiality

News & Views

Climate risk mispricing under spotlight at London Climate Action Week

Conversations over physical risk have raised concerns over insurance gaps, sovereign spreads and financial materiality

News & Views

Australian investors increasingly see performance test as climate investing barrier

IGCC investor survey shows 49% cite YFYS as an investment barrier, up from 27% two years ago

News & Views

Asset owners call for ‘evolution not dilution’ of EU emissions trading rules

Amidst the on-going ETS review, a joint statement signed by 46 investors has been endorsed by the NZAOA

News & Views

“Solar energy doesn’t travel through Hormuz”: COP31 eyes renewables-backed electrification

The COP31 action agenda suggests renewables-backed electrification is emerging as a priority

News & Views

Investors warn EU against linking Arctic fossil fuels to energy security

Ahead of the upcoming strategy update, investors have called for maintaining fossil fuel exploration restrictions

News & Views

Hong Kong eyes top spot as Asia’s sustainable investment hub

Its latest green bond issuance comes months after a transition finance taxonomy was launched

News & Views

Australia mulls changes to superfund performance test over sustainable investment concerns

Treasurer Jim Chalmers has pledged to strengthen the test amid criticisms over its effect on climate-driven investment

News & Views

The war in Iran is bolstering the case for renewables-led electrification

EC President Ursula von der Leyen has called for accelerating electrification amidst a deepening energy crisis, with European investors now identifying electrification as an opportunity to enhance resilience

News & Views

Short-term mandates, long-term risks: insurers face regulatory dilemma

General insurers possess unparalleled insights into climate change risks, yet their investment focus on short-dated bonds and their reliance on external managers poses constraints on their ability to implement net zero targets

News & Views

TotalEnergies abandons US offshore wind, redirects $1bn to oil and gas

French energy major Total Energies has abandoned its offshore wind plans in the US and is instead planning to expand investments in LNG, follwing an agreement with the Trump administration